Bio-Chemistry
This branch of science which deals with chemical reactions and variation in metabolic activities of body.
For example diabetes can be detected by performing blood sugar test from blood sample of suspected patient. If found values higher then expected normal values, patient can be kept on diet control and medicines.
Persistent high values of Cholesterol and Triglycerides in blood may lead to atherosclerosis or blockage of blood vessels and there after serious cardiac dysfunctions or myocardial infarctions.
Altered levels of electrolytes namely Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Chloride can cause serious problems like fainting or unconsciousness.
In certain liver problems enzymes like S.G.O.T. and S.G.P.T., Alkaline phosphatase are raised in serum. Bilirubin is found raised in cases of jaundice. These can be detected from blood samples.
Renal problems can be detected by testing blood for increased levels of creatinine and urea in serum. Decisions can be made for procedures like dialysis just by blood test.
Fig 1 :- Metrolab 2300 - Fully automated random access biochemistry analyser
Raised levels of cardiac enzymes like CK-NAC , CK-MB, LDH, S.G.O.T. give idea about status of heart in case of myocardial infarctions
Fig 2 :- Robonic - Semi automatic biochemistry analyser
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